My Yupik and Inuit students taught me traditional direct-carving techniques in antler, ivory, and soapstone.

Returning to Vermont, I applied the same direct-carving sensibility to the stones the glaciers discarded in our fields.

To bring my carvings to eye level, I experimented with pedestals that further accentuated the inherent characteristics of a stone.

Upon moving to urban neighborhoods around Boston, I “carved” the freight pallets found in abundance.